Houses of complete factory readiness which design provides their opportunity передислокацииconcern tomobile houses. Under передислокациейunderstand moving the mobile house by means of vehicles from one place of operation on another. To a stage передислокацииdismantle which is process of disassembly of the house, usually return precedes process of installation of the mobile house. The special concept is connected with these processes оборачиваемостиwhich reflects quantity{amount} передислокацийthe mobile house for the certain calendar term.
Mobile houses are characterized by the following features distinguishing them from быстровозводимыхand other kinds of nonconventional and traditional habitation:
Opportunity of disassembly of the house without essential destruction of materials and designs;
Rational передислокацияserial kinds automobile, railway, air and a sailing charter;
Opportunity of fast change of the space-planning decision of the house depending on needs{requirements} of tenants;
Transformation of static and not changing habitation into dynamical, adapting individual inhabited cells;
Decrease{Reduction} in labour input and costs of reconstruction and repair and others.
Following areas of use of mobile houses are expedient:
1) mass быстровозводимаяan individual housing estate in a peace time with operation on one place - without dismantle and передислокации, but with adaptation inside of the house;
2) mass быстровозводимоеhousing construction in a peace time with operation in several places - with the subsequent демонтажамиand передислокациямиand internal adaptation;
3) local use in a peace time - at earthquakes, flooding and other extreme situations for operative and time{temporary} arrangement of the suffered population with the subsequent демонтажамиand передислокациямиfor granting to people of capital constant habitation;
4) local application in a peace time at failures{accidents}, explosions and other extreme circumstances;
5) local use in a wartime - for operative arrangement of radical and not radical civilians (immigrants, refugees and other categories of people).
During the present{true} period in view of variety of problems{tasks}, distinctions of terms of construction, duration of operation and other factors apply the mobile houses considerably{much} differing under the characteristics. Depending on design features-technological they can be united in two groups: at home from volumetric elements, the house from flat and linear elements. Various combinations of the given groups are possible{probable} also.
To mobile houses from volumetric elements concern: transported, towed{hauled}, self-propelled and superblock houses. Often they are named with container houses.
1.Container housesare the houses consisting from the block-containers, i.e. closed (isolated from an environment) the volumetric elements of the raised{increased} factory readiness often completely equipped by the technological, sanitary-engineering, electric equipment and furniture. Full укомплектованность houses allows to put into its{his} operation practically right after deliveries to destination. The container is transported by usual types of transport or towed{hauled} on own running part. As a running part the automobile chassis, подкатная the carriage, a sled or other device serves. The running part can be fixed, constantly fixed or demountable, supposing dismantle. Delivery of containers, ready for operation, in the form of the finished volume, causes the rigid restriction of their dimensions considering opportunities of means of delivery and throughput of roads. Therefore distinctive feature of container houses is their small capacity.
2.Self-propelled housesare close to container houses with a fixed running part, but unlike the last are equipped by own engines similar automobile. Owing to presence of the engine mobility of the house sharply increases, its{his} cost simultaneously raises{increases}, that limits area of use. Such houses have received wide introduction at the organization of dynamical rest in the USA and other countries.
3.Superblock houses,in comparison with container, have much increased dimensions and weight. Are applied most often in not mastered areas with adverse природно-climatic conditions. Are delivered to a place by towage on зимнику several tractors or a waterway - tows. They are similar быстровозводимым to superblock houses.
