Examples of the given types of solar houses are resulted{brought} on fig. 5.

For use of energy of the sun at satisfaction of thermal needs can be used various гелиосистемы: passive, active and mixed.

In passive гелиосистемах the receiver and the converter of a solar energy is the house - its{his} premises{rooms} and a design, and distribution of heat is carried out due to конвекции.

In active гелиосистемах for reception, transformation, moving, accumulation and distributions of the energy received from the sun, are created special engineering devices, collectors, thermal networks, accumulators and heating devices. Productivity of active systems considerably above, than passive, however and cost much more above.

In mixed гелиосистемах elements both passive, and active гелиосистем are applied, that allows to raise{increase} efficiency of use of a solar energy.

Гелиосистемы can solve problems{tasks} энергосбережения at home independently or together with the duplicating systems working on traditional kinds of fuel.

As a rule on гелиосистемы the problem{task} of supply of the house is assigned by heat as solar electrogenerators are in an initial stage of development and can be applied only in unusual cases:

Passive гелиосистемы are based{founded; established} on use of a hotbed effect in premises{rooms}, effect of accumulation of thermal energy of solar beams by massive designs of buildings and effect конвекции for delivery of heat. As a matter of fact the houses having greater{big} areas остекления of windows, leaving on the southern party{side}, and also usual greenhouses and hothouses, buildings with water filling roofs and with пофасадно-adjustable теплопроизводитель-ностью water systems of heating it is possible to carry all to houses with passive гелиосистемами.

Now are developed and three basic types passive гелиосистем have found practical application: a wall-stained-glass window, a greenhouse, " a wall of the Blood clot ".

1. The wall - a stained-glass window is the greater{big} glazed surface of walls of the premises{rooms}, leaving on the south. As a result of a direct irradiation of space for остеклением air of premises{rooms} and their internal surfaces heat up. The long-wave reflected radiation of glass of a stained-glass window do not pass{miss} (hotbed effect) therefore air is received with additional heat and temperature in premises{rooms} raises{increases}. At night the temperature in them is supported{maintained} due to heat radiated прогретыми by internal surfaces of premises{rooms} which designs are executed from теплоемких, materials accumulating warmly, (fig. 5, 4).

Fig. 5. Individual apartment houses with solar systems: 1-c separate reflectors on all roof; 2-c the general{common} reflectors on a part of a roof; 3 - with reflectors насклоне; 4 - with a transparent wall-stained-glass window; 5 - with a greenhouse; 6 - with dark " a wall of the Blood clot ".